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Aeronautical Engineering College
Aerospace propulsion includes the study of the fundamental operation and construction of both air-breathing engines and rocket power plants. These devices' internal gas dynamics, thermodynamics, and combustion processes are all covered in detail. Any item travelling through the air or space needs a propulsion system to generate the necessary force or power to move it ahead. The most crucial element in the design and operation of an aircraft or spacecraft mission is the propulsive force.
The use of Blade Element Theory is a fairly straightforward technique for estimating a propeller's performance (as well as that of fans or windmills).
This technique divides the propeller into a number of separate portions that are spaced apart along its length. A force balance that takes into account the 2D section lift, drag, thrust, and torque produced by the section is applied at each section. An equilibrium of axial and angular momentum is maintained simultaneously. This results in a set of nonlinear equations that may be resolved for each blade section iteratively. The section thrust and torque figures that result can be added to determine the propeller's total performance. The hypothesis excludes secondary effects like the 3-D flow velocities caused by the shed tip vortex on the propeller or the radial components of flow caused by angular acceleration from the propeller's rotation. This theory will overestimate thrust and underestimate torque when compared to actual propeller data, leading to an improvement in theoretical efficiency of 5% to 10% over evaluated performance. When the flow on the blade is becoming stalled or there is a sizable component of the propeller blade in a wind milling state while other parts are still providing thrust, some of the flow assumptions made also fail for extreme circumstances.
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